FIFA World Cup anthems and songs are tunes and songs adopted officially by FIFA that are used prior to the World Cup event and accompany the championships during the event. These tunes and songs are also used in advertising campaigns for the World Cup event. These songs are usually multilingual and include English, the official language of the organizing country, Spanish and other languages. Since 1962, every World Cup has had an official theme song which has been a hit across the world. Some of the most popular FIFA World Cup theme songs and anthems include La Copa de la Vida sung by Ricky Martin, Waka Waka sung by Shakira, and Wavin' Flag sung by K'Naan. The theme song of the upcoming 2022 World Cup, Hayya Hayya (Better Together) sung by Trinidad Cardona, Davido and AISHA, has already caught the attention of the world.
1962 World Cup
Official song: El Rock del Mundial
Performer: Los Ramblers
Host: Chile
1966 World Cup
Official song: World Cup Willie
Performer: Lonnie Donegan
Host: England
1970 World Cup
Official song: Fútbol México 70
Performer: Los Hermanos Zavala
Host: Mexico
1974 World Cup
Official song: Futbol
Performer: Maryla Rodowicz
Host: West Germany
1978 World Cup
Official song: El Mundial
Performer: Buenos Aires Municipal Symphony
Host: Argentina
1982 World Cup
Official song: Mundial '82
Performer: Plácido Domingo
Host: Spain
1986 World Cup
Official song: El mundo unido por un balón
Performer: Juan Carlos Abara
Host: Mexico
1990 World Cup
Official song: Un'estate italiana
Performers: Edoardo Bennato and Gianna Nannini (Italian) Giorgio Moroder Project (English)
Host: Italy
1994 World Cup
Official song: Gloryland
Performers: Daryl Hall and Sounds of Blackness
Host: USA
1998 World Cup
Official Anthem: La Cour des Grands (Do You Mind If I Play)
Performers: Youssou N'Dour and Axelle Red
Official song: La Copa de la Vida (The Cup of Life)
Performer: Ricky Martin
Host: France
2002 World Cup
Official Anthem: Anthem
Performer: Vangelis
Official song: Boom
Performer: Anastacia
Host: Japan and South Korea
2006 World Cup
Official Anthem: Zeit dass sich was dreht (Celebrate The Day)
Performers: Herbert Grönemeyer featuring Amadou & Mariam
Official song: The Time of Our Lives
Performers: Il Divo, featuring Toni Braxton
Host: Germany
2010 World Cup
Official Promotional Anthem: Sign of a victory
Performers: R. Kelly, featuring the Soweto Spiritual Singers
Official Anthem: Wavin' Flag
Performers: K'Naan
Official song: Waka Waka
Performers: Shakira featuring Freshlyground
Host: South Africa
2014 World Cup
Official Anthem: "Dar um Jeito (We Will Find a Way)
Performers: Carlos Santana featuring Wyclef, Avicii, and Alexandre Pires
Official song: We Are One (Ole Ola)
Performers: Pitbull featuring Jennifer Lopez and Claudia Leitte
Host: Brazil
2018 World Cup
Official song: Live It Up
Performers: Nicky Jam featuring Will Smith and Era Istrefi
Fears that the British bluebell could go extinct are unfounded, say scientists.
The introduced Spanish variety has lower fertility and is unlikely to wipe out the native plant, according to genetic tests.
The Spanish bluebell's escape into the wild has raised concerns that the two plants could mix, leading to the loss of one of the spectacles of spring.
Bluebells are one of nature's spectacles
The violet-blue flowers appear in April and May, carpeting the woodland floor.
It turns out that the British bluebell has a genetic advantage.
"The greater fertility of the native British bluebell coupled with the huge numbers of individuals that exist in the wild means that it's got considerable resilience against any threat from these introduced plants," said Prof Pete Hollingsworth, director of science at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE).
The British bluebell is one of the nation's best-loved plants, with 50% of the world's population found in the UK.
What is a bluebell?
The native bluebell, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, also goes by the name common bluebell, wood bell, fairy flower and wild hyacinth.
Native bluebells are protected in the UK under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981
Millions of bulbs can be found in just one ancient woodland, giving rise to carpets of flowers in April and May.
The Spanish bluebell, Hyacinthoides hispanica, was introduced into the UK by the Victorians as a garden plant and can be found today alongside the native bluebell in woodlands as well as on road verges and in gardens.
How do you tell which type of bluebell is which?
The two plants look similar but have some tell-tale differences:
Spanish (left) and British bluebells (right)
Spanish bluebells have broad leaves, pale blue conical-bell flowers, with spreading and open tips, and flowers are found all around the stem. They have upright stems, no scent, and coloured pollen inside.
Native bluebells have narrow leaves, deep violet-blue (sometimes white), narrow, tubular-bell flowers, with tips that curl back, flowers on one side of the stem, distinctly drooping stems, a sweet scent, and cream-coloured pollen.
Source: Identify bluebells - The Wildlife Trusts
What does the study show?
In research to look at the potential genetic threat, the Spanish bluebell was planted next to the British bluebell in large numbers and allowed to breed naturally.
The native bluebell was more fertile and set more seeds than the Spanish bluebell, saving it from the threat of "extinction by hybridisation".
It appears that the Spanish bluebell may already be a hybrid, with reduced fertility, even though locally it can escape, spread and be hard to remove from gardens.
"When examined, the pollen of the non-native bluebells in the UK was often misshapen - indicating lower pollen fertility, compared to the pollen of the native bluebell," said Dr Deborah Kohn of RBGE.
The research, published in the journal, Conservation Genetics, was carried out with the University of Toronto and Lincoln University, New Zealand.
Football superstar Cristiano Ronaldo has cut a deal with a court in Madrid over tax evasion charges, accepting an €18.8m (£16.6m) fine.
A huge media presence met the player outside the court, after a judge refused his request to appear by video or to enter the building by car to avoid the spotlight.
The deal, agreed in advance, includes a 23-month jail sentence.
But in Spain, convicts do not usually do time for sentences under two years.
The non-violent nature of Ronaldo's offence means he is unlikely to spend any time at all in jail, serving it on probation instead.
The court appearance lasted mere minutes as Ronaldo accepted the deal offered by prosecutors.
The current Juventus player, who played for the club in Italy the night before, arrived at the provincial court with his fiancee Georgina Rodriguez. Smiling and giving a thumbs-up, he was apparently unfazed by the media presence.
His lawyers had argued that given his fame, avoiding the main entrance was needed for the player's security.
What are the allegations against Ronaldo?
Ronaldo, five-time winner of Europe's Ballon d'Or and often titled one of the world's best players, was accused of avoiding paying tax in Spain between 2010 and 2014, when he was playing for Real Madrid and based in the Spanish capital.
Forbes lists the 33-year-old as the third-wealthiest athlete in the world, with estimated earnings of $108m (€95m) a year.
The case centres around lucrative image rights deals. Prosecutors say the proceeds were funnelled through low-tax companies in foreign nations to avoid paying the required tax.
In court, as part of his deal, Ronaldo acknowledged four incidents amounting to €5.7m owed, according to Spanish-language news agency EFE.
In 2017, when the allegations first emerged, prosecutors said it was a "voluntary and conscious breach of his fiscal obligations in Spain".
But Ronaldo's lawyers said it is all down to a misunderstanding over what was and was not required under Spanish law, and deny any deliberate attempt to evade tax.
The deal, struck in June last year, had to be agreed with Spain's tax authorities. Xabi Alonso also facing trial
Ronaldo is not the only high-profile player to face the wrath of Spain's tax system.
His former Real Madrid team-mate Xabi Alonso also appeared in court on Tuesday in connection with similar offences amounting to about €2m.
Alonso was appearing before the court for the first time, facing a potential sentence of up to five years. Unlike Ronaldo, he has not yet struck any deal with authorities and has maintained his innocence.
Shortly after Alonso's trial began, the court suspended proceedings to consider whether it was competent to hear the case, or if it should be referred to another criminal court, EFE reports.
The longer sentence prosecutors are seeking means that Alonso could, unlike Ronaldo, face jail time.
There are several other examples of footballers facing Spain's courts in recent years:
Barcelona star Lionel Messi avoided a jail sentence for a similar scheme involving image rights, paying several million in a "corrective payment" in back taxes and fines
Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior was at the centre of a row when Barcelona was fined millions after being charged with tax fraud over Neymar's signing - but avoided admitting the offence
Real Madrid's Marcelo Vieira admitted to tax fraud and accepted a four-month suspended jail sentence over his use of foreign firms to handle almost half a million euros in earnings
The recent crackdown on high-profile footballers follows the removal of a tax exemption in 2010. Known as the "Beckham law", it had allowed footballers to curb their taxes.
Ronaldo also faces another ongoing legal battle: the football superstar is accused of rape in Las Vegas in 2009, a charge which he denies.
If you've ever wondered what US President Donald Trump would look like as a woman (not sure why you would want to), you may now have your answer.
A Spanish potato farmer has accidentally found fame after a journalist visiting a rural area in Cabana de Bergantiños interviewed her for an unrelated story.
A journalist accidentally helped the internet discover Donald Trump's female doppelganger with a photo from a Spanish farm. Getty Images
The journalist posted a photo showing Dolores Leis Antelo with a shovel on her shoulder on Instagram, not meaning to highlight the uncanny resemblance she has to the US billionaire president. (The journalist's post has since been deleted, but not before it spread throughout the whole internet.)
Twitter users soon gave it a life of its own.
This is NOT, I repeat, NOT photoshopped.
Donald trump has a doppelganger. And she's a Latina.
Six Ryanair cabin crew members pictured sleeping on the floor of a Spanish airport office last month have been sacked, the airline says.
The image, which Ryanair said was staged, was widely shared online. A Portuguese union that represents airline crews criticised the airline.
The staff were dismissed for gross misconduct, a Ryanair spokesman said.
Over 20 crew members were stranded in Malaga airport when their Porto-bound flights were diverted on 14 October.
The company says the picture was staged, insisting that no crew slept on the floor
However Ryanair said that despite the issues, "no crew slept on the floor".
"The crew spent a short period of time in the crew room before being moved to a VIP lounge, and returned to Porto the next day," the company said after the image circulated.
Confirming the sackings on Tuesday, Ryanair said the photo led to media reports that damaged the company's reputation and "caused an irreparable breach of trust with these six persons".
The Portuguese union, SNPVAC, had earlier disagreed with Ryanair's summary of events, claiming that crew members were placed in a room between 01:30 and 06:00 "without minimum rest facilities".
The union said that crew members were left "without access to food, drinks and even a place to sit down, as there were only eight seats available for the crew".
However SNPVAC confirmed that the staff were moved to a VIP lounge at 06:00.
The airline came under fire after the photo appeared on social media.
It was first shared by Jim Atkinson on Twitter, who criticised Ryanair for not providing adequate accommodation for staff.
This is a Ryanair 737 crew based in Portugal, stranded in Malaga, Spain a couple of nights ago due to storms. They are sleeping on the floor of the Ryanair crew room. RYR is earning €1.25 billion this year but will not put stranded crews in a hotel for the night. @peterbellew ? pic.twitter.com/lILWZVqqGj
Two women speaking Spanish at a Montana gas station. A passenger on a Greyhound bus in Florida. A 10-year-old with cerebral palsy heading to a hospital in Texas.
Their brushes with Border Patrol occurred miles and months apart, but they have one thing in common: The authorities who detained them weren't working on the border.
The continental United States has two major land borders: a 1,933-mile stretch between the US and Mexico and a 3,987-mile stretch between the US and Canada.
But Border Patrol agents work in a far wider geographic area. According to federal regulations, the agency's expanded search authority to conduct immigration checks extends anywhere within a "reasonable distance" of 100 air miles from US land borders and coastlines.
US border enforcement zone
Border Patrol agents can conduct immigration checks up to 100 miles from US land borders and coastlines. This area includes roughly two-thirds of the US population, according to the ACLU, encompassing many major cities and several entire states.
"Without this authority, persons evading our immigration laws could effectively vanish after crossing," Daniel Hetlage, a spokesman for US Customs and Border Protection, said in a statement to CNN. "But with it, we have the ability to enforce our laws."
Two-thirds of the US lives inside this so-called 100-mile border zone, which includes several entire states, including Florida, Michigan, Maine and Hawaii, according to the American Civil Liberties Union.
Activists accuse the agency of racially profiling and violating constitutional rights as its enforcement efforts move inland.
"Although the 100-mile border zone is not literally 'Constitution free,' CBP frequently acts like it is," the ACLU says.
Conducting immigration checks in the 100-mile zone isn't a new practice, and this isn't a new debate. But it's been getting more attention lately as the Trump administration ratchets up its crackdown on illegal immigration.
Here's a look at several recent cases, and the issues they raise:
An agent heard her speaking Spanish and asked for her ID The case: Ana Suda says what started as a late-night trip to buy eggs and milk took a surprising turn last week in Havre, Montana, about 35 miles from the US-Canada border. Suda says a Border Patrol agent heard her speaking Spanish, then stopped her in the store and asked to see her ID. In a video Suda recorded of the incident, she asks why she and her friend were singled out and accuses the agent of profiling.
"It has nothing to do with that," the agent tells her. "It's the fact that it has to do with you guys speaking Spanish in the store in a state where it's predominately English-speaking."
Suda says she and her friend were both born in the United States and were allowed to leave the gas station after about 40 minutes.
The debate: Activists were quick to point out that there's nothing illegal about speaking Spanish in Montana or anywhere else in the United States.
Speaking Spanish is not a valid reason for Border Patrol to question or detain you.
The Constitution prohibits all law enforcement agencies, including @CBP, from racial profiling and arbitrary searches and detentions.https://t.co/M5T9ZsBKEv
In a statement, CBP said its agents "have broad law enforcement authorities," including the authority to question individuals, make arrests, and take and consider evidence.
Suda told CNN she's seeking help from the ACLU about the next steps she should take.
CBP says the incident is under review.
"Decisions to question individuals are based on a variety of factors for which Border Patrol agents are well-trained," an agency spokesperson said in a statement. "This incident is being reviewed to ensure that all appropriate policies were followed."
They asked passengers on a Greyhound bus to show their papers The case: Border Patrol agents boarded a Greyhound bus in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in January, asking passengers to show identification. Video of the incident shows them questioning a woman, then taking her and her luggage off the bus.
A CBP spokesman told CNN affiliate WPLG that agents had identified a woman who'd overstayed her tourist visa. She was taken into custody and handed over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
"Border Patrol agents routinely conduct law enforcement activities at transportation hubs as part of a layered approach to preventing illegal aliens from traveling further into the United States," CBP said.
.@CustomsBorder got on a Greyhound bus yesterday at 4:30pm in Fort Lauderdale and asked every passenger for their papers and to prove citizenship. Proof of citizenship is NOT required to ride a bus! For more information about your rights, call our hotline👉 1-888-600-5762 pic.twitter.com/rWJn61o8VP
The debate: A fellow passenger's cell phone video of the arrest spread rapidly online. Experts were quick to point out that it's nothing new to see Border Patrol agents conducting immigration sweeps on buses or trains. But the video added fresh momentum to a push from advocates, who criticized the practice.
"Without an official judicial warrant, border patrol agents should not be permitted to board the private property of the Greyhound corporation to harass its customers and violate their civil liberties," the Florida Immigrant Coalition said in a statement at the time. "Floridians deserve to ride a bus in peace without having to carry a birth certificate or passport to go to Disney World, visit family, or commute for work."
Greyhound said its hands were tied.
"We are required to comply with all local, state and federal laws and to cooperate with the relevant enforcement agencies if they ask to board our buses or enter stations," the company said.
In a letter to Greyhound officials in March, the ACLU called for a policy change, listing the Florida incident along with similar cases in other states.
The ACLU argues that the bus company isn't legally required to let agents without warrants aboard, even in the 100-mile zone.
Greyhound, the letter said, "should not be in the business of subjecting its passengers to intimidating interrogations, suspicionless searches, warrantless arrests, and the threat of deportation."
She headed to the hospital -- and ended up in custody The case: Advocates said 10-year-old Rosa Maria Hernandez, an undocumented immigrant, was on her way to emergency gallbladder surgery when Border Patrol agents pulled over the medical transport vehicle taking her through a checkpoint in Freer, Texas, about 60 miles from the border. Agents traveled with Rosa Maria to a hospital in Corpus Christi, Texas, and took her into custody after the surgery was completed.
Hernandez's family and their supporters characterized her detention as cruel and unnecessary.
Immigration officials said the procedures were routine enforcement of the nation's immigration laws.
"Due to the juvenile's medical condition, Border Patrol agents escorted her and her cousin to a Corpus Christi hospital where she could receive appropriate medical care," CBP said in a statement after Rosa Maria was detained. "Per the immigration laws of the United States, once medically cleared she will be processed accordingly."
Rosa Maria was released from custody days after her apprehension.
The debate: CBP runs checkpoints like the one where Rosa Maria was detained along major thoroughfares and in other areas in the 100-mile zone throughout the Southwest.
Hetlage, the CBP spokesman, said checkpoints are vital for CBP's immigration enforcement efforts and "support the apprehension of criminal violators." The agency's authority to use them, he said, has been upheld by the Supreme Court.
To conduct a lawful search at checkpoints, agents must have probable cause developed from agent observations, records checks, canine sniffs and other methods, the agency says on its website.
Local activists routinely criticize checkpoints, alleging racial profiling and other civil rights violations. In Arizona, a group trying to monitor a checkpoint has been battling with the feds for years in court, trying to get access and data about what happens there.
Critics also claim checkpoints do little to help with immigration enforcement. They point to a recent General Accountability Office report which found only 2% of Border Patrol apprehensions occurred at checkpoints between fiscal year 2013 and 2016, and that 40% of drug seizures at checkpoints were 1 ounce or less of marijuana from US citizens.
"It really does affect border residents' lives day to day, if you live in this zone," says Chris Rickerd, policy counsel with the ACLU's national political advocacy department. But what happens at checkpoints, he says, should matter to all Americans -- no matter how close they live to the border.
Two high-profile incidents of Spanish speakers being challenged for not using English have raised familiar arguments over language and immigration in America.
What happened?
Ana Suda and Mimi Hernandez were queuing inside a petrol station in rural Montana when a Border Patrol agent demanded to see their identification.
The two US citizens were told they had been stopped because they were speaking Spanish in a "predominantly English-speaking state".
In a video of the 16 May incident, Ms Suda asks the agent if he is racially profiling them.
"It has nothing to do with that," the agent replies. "Ma'am, the reason I asked you for your ID is because I came in here, and I saw that you guys are speaking Spanish, which is very unheard of up here."
The women were detained for around 35 minutes before being allowed to go. US Customs and Border Protection says it is reviewing the case.
Ms Suda told the Washington Post the incident left her feeling uncomfortable speaking her own language.
Days later, on the other side of the US in New York City, footage of a lawyer threatening Spanish-speaking staff at a restaurant lit up social media.
Local media report that the man in the video is Aaron Schlossberg,
a New York-based lawyer
In the video the man threatens to call Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the agency responsible for deportations from the US, after hearing restaurant staff speaking to each other in Spanish.
"They should be speaking English," he says in the video. "My next call is to ICE to have each one of them kicked out of my country."
Are US immigration authorities allowed to stop people for speaking Spanish?
The US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has a nondiscrimination policy in place that prohibits using racial and ethnic stereotypes to conduct stops or searches.
But the language remains vague over how agents actually decide to question individuals.
The agency told the BBC in an emailed statement that "agents have broad law enforcement authorities" and that "decisions to question individuals are based on a variety of factors for which Border Patrol agents are well-trained".
CBP acknowledged they are reviewing the Montana incident, but emphasised "agents are not looking for one factor, but a multitude of indicators that when put together raise a reasonable suspicion of illegal alienage."
Chris Rickerd, Policy Counsel at the American Civil Liberties Union, condemned the CBP agent's actions in Montana.
"It's outrageous for CBP to claim that a person's speaking Spanish at a convenience store can justify unequal treatment based on race or ethnicity," Mr Rickerd told the BBC.
"Border Patrol leadership must immediately and clearly condemn demanding papers from anyone for speaking Spanish," Mr Rickerd said, adding that the agent ignored the constitutional rights of the two women when he pulled them aside for speaking a foreign language.
"The heavy burden is on CBP to explain the agent's own words that he relied on a language spoken by tens of millions of lawful residents provided just cause for demanding papers."
How many Spanish speakers are there in the US?
The US is home to 41m native Spanish speakers, according to census data - that's 13% of the population.
And with another nearly 12 million bilingual Spanish speakers, the US is the second largest Spanish-speaking country in the world, ahead of Spain itself.
The number of native Spanish speakers has more than doubled since 1990, and if current trends continue, the US could even overtake Mexico in the decades to come.
Even among non-Hispanics, Spanish is America's most spoken foreign language.
While 1.9m New Yorkers speak Spanish at home, the Border Patrol agent in Montana was right about Spanish being relatively unheard in his state - the latest census data from 2011 shows only 13,000 residents (1.4%) of the population speak the language.
Is English the official language of the US?
English is the language of the US government, businesses, and many aspects of day-to-day life across the country.
But although more than 30 states have made it their official language, that is not the case federally.
In 1981 and 2006 US senators tried and failed to introduce an amendment to make English America's official language.
And while the US is becoming more overtly multilingual, the data shows English is safe.
In fact, according to a Pew Research Center study, children of Spanish-speaking immigrants are far more likely to lose their Spanish in the process of picking up English. Are these incidents a new phenomenon?
No. The debate over what language Americans should speak has raged throughout the nation's history, particularly as the US expanded West in the 19th Century and immigrants arrived from around the world.
But the rise of smart phones and social media have made confrontations, whether with the authorities or a stranger, easier to record and report.
Anti-Hispanic incidents have made up around half of all reported ethnic-bias hate crimes since 2004, according to FBI data.
The debate over immigration and language has only intensified under President Donald Trump whose tough stance on undocumented migrants was at the heart of his successful election campaign in 2016.
